A square was established for each ward of the new city. The layout was also a reaction against the cramped conditions that fueled the Great Fire of London in 1666. The original plan resembles the layout of contemporary military camps, which were likely quite familiar to General Oglethorpe. Although cherished by many today for their aesthetic beauty, the first squares were originally intended to provide colonists space for practical reasons such as militia training exercises. The city of Savannah was founded in 1733 by General James Oglethorpe. James (Telfair) and Ellis-this map also shows the later-constructed Reynolds and Oglethorpe Squares. In addition to the first four squares-Johnson, Wright, St. The Savannah River and "north" are to the bottom of the image. Overview 1770 plan of Savannah showing the first six squares. Today the area is part of a large urban preservation district known as the Savannah Historic District.
The statues and monuments were placed in the squares partly to protect the squares from demolition. Most of Savannah's squares are named in honor or in memory of a person, persons or historical event, and many contain monuments, markers, memorials, statues, plaques, and other tributes. In 2010, one of the three "lost" squares, Ellis, was reclaimed, bringing the total to today's 22. In the 20th century, three of the squares were demolished or altered beyond recognition, leaving 21.
Additional squares were added during the late 18th and 19th centuries, and by 1851 there were 24 squares in the city. Oglethorpe's agrarian balance was abandoned after the Georgia Trustee period. The layout of a square and eight surrounding blocks was known as a "ward." The original plan (now known as the Oglethorpe Plan) was part of a larger regional plan that included gardens, farms, and "out-lying villages." Once the four wards were developed in the mid-1730s, two additional wards were laid. The city of Savannah, Province of Georgia, was laid out in 1733, in what was colonial America, around four open squares, each surrounded by four residential ("tything") blocks and four civic ("trust") blocks.
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